A drug is, in the broadest of terms, a chemical substance that has known biological effects on humans or other animals.[5] Foods are generally excluded from this definition, in spite of their physiological effects on animal species.[6][7][8]
In pharmacology, a drug is "a chemical substance used in the treatment, cure, prevention, or diagnosis of disease or used to otherwise enhance physical or mental well-being."[6] Pharmaceutical drugs may be used for a limited duration, or on a regular basis for chronic disorders.[9]
Recreational drugs are chemical substances that affect the central nervous system, such as opioids or hallucinogens.[9] Alcohol, nicotine, and caffeine are the most widely consumed psychotropic drugs worldwide.[10]
They may be used for effects on perception, consciousness, personality, and behavior.[9][11] Many recreational drugs are also medicinal.[5]
Some drugs can cause addiction and habituation[11] and all drugs have side effects.[12] Many drugs are illegal for recreational purposes and international treaties such as the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs exist for the purpose of legally prohibiting certain substances.
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